AIM 6 - Unit & Concentration

Topic Six ~ Unit & Concentration

 Femto (f) = x10^-15

[Concentration]

-          Amount of solute in known amount of solution

Percentage

-          Expresses [con] as solute / 100 unit

-          Weight percentage (% w/w)

-          Weight to volume percentage (% w/v)

o   1.95% (w/v) = 1.95g in 100ml

-          Volume percentage (% v/v)

Parts Per Thousand, PPT (‰)

-          Unit of solute in 1000 units of solution

-          g/kg

-          Esp. for salinity (amount of dissolved substances in 1kg seawater)

-          Salinity; ppt = g dissolved inorganic substances / kg (1000g) seawater

-          CV = CV

-          1.0 x 10³

Parts Per Million, PPM

-          1.0 x 10⁶

-          mg/kg or mg/L

-          Water specific density (z) at 4°C is 1.00 g/mL

Parts Per Billion, PPB

-          1.0 x 10⁹

-          μg/kg or μg/L

Molarity

-          express [con] as solute mole / liter solution

-          Molarity = moles solute / liter solution

-        

Normality (N)

-          Used in titration analysis

-          Express [con] as number equivalents solute per litre

-          Molar [con], M divided by equivalence factor f_eq

-          N = Equivalents solute / liter solution

-          

EW = Equivalent Weight

·         M HCl = 1.0 N HCl

·         M H₂SO₄ = 2.0 N H₂SO₄

·         M H₃PO₄ = 3.0 N H₃PO₄

·         M NaOH = 1.0 N NaOH

·         M Ca(OH)₂ = 2.0 N Ca(OH)₂

·         x M HCl = x N HCl

·         x M H₃PO4 = 3x N H₃PO₄